Koomba, man speaking

Ngabari - sister calls her sister's husband

Kundarree (mother's mother)

T'ami (father's mother)

Jiriwardu, bardari and bira - two species like a bandicoot.

Bardari - like a bandicoot, only with long ears and nose.

Bira - also like a bandicoot, but short and thick body, little yellow on back.

Peegoora (a burrowing mouse, now extinct.)

Malgura - like a mouse - build high stick nests; kanda-i - like malgura, only smaller.

Waieru bardi (sugar tree bardie)

Wonga bardi (wattle)

Birdili bardi (birdili tree)

Bibara bardi (jamwood tree)

The bardie found in the gum tree is called irrawajerie and Cornally states that it may have been called by them because of a vacancy in its mouth similar to that in the Irrawajerie which is occasioned by the extraction of their front tooth, the upper front tooth. (Not all the Irrawajeri knock out their teeth.)

Bildhoo-bildhoo (Champion Bay)

Kalillee

Junga marrunga yanma

Ghost came last night

Boogal-garra (Champion Bay)

Kajjoordoo (Gascoyne)

Toorna ngatha kalara nyinda

True I sulky you

Wallyoogoora (applied to men)

Wathee (applied to inaminate objects)

Tooldharra wanga

Long time ago told

Wandha ngoora (or parraja), Wandha yooloo (where sleep)

Wandha karboo (where country)

Ngoo-baloo

Speaking of one person only - noorai

The Byong tribes don't practise circumcision; they are watardee or opee - uncircumcised. The Agardees all circumcise and some subincise (subincision is called miggern.

Irrawadjeri and wadjeri tribes knock the front upper tooth out.

Boorong marries Banaka - children are Kaimera

Banaka marries Boorong- children are Paljeri

Kaimera marries Paljeri children are Boorong

Paljeri marries Kaimera children are Banaka

No.

Cornally says that a half caste man married to a half caste woman won't breed. Father Coll, on the R.C. New Norcia Mission from this circumstance refused to marry half castes to each other. Nyurdigulu a Curteal anon woman gave birth to a halfcaste which her child next in age transpeed on skilled nyurdigulu later gave birth to a full blooded baby. Ooldea 1930-5

The Byong and most other tribes did not dress their hair. They wilgeed and greased it until it was quite matted and then let it hang down round their heads.

The Murchison natives obtained hair string which they wound round their foreheads, round and round, tying the hair on the top in the shape of a chignon. (Parba the name the natives give to the namesake of a dead man.)

Gum trees and in caves, animals, women and men.

These were chipped or carved - no paintings.

Grinding stone Hill Cave near Williambury, has carvings.

Warda is the name of the evil spirit in Gascoyne.

Boalgarra evil spirit Peak Hill, Milgin

Juna evil spirit Nor' West name.

Wanna mungarra is the name of the corroboree where the Knees and thighs are made to quiver.

Wan-narra = Gascoyne name for the corroboree in which women take the leading part. Wan-narra-barri, Champion Bay name.

These comparatively small groups will be specially interesting to the ethnologist of the future of as many reasons. They are in a sense isolationist groups some bordering uncircumcised areas (Such as the Bibbulmun of the S.W. whose groups bordered on or near Cockleshell gully & other, bordering on the circumcised areas N.N.E. & S.E. They lived precariously & when cannibal dispose white settlement in those are us. Bishop salvado of new norcia (80 miles north of Perth). So described them in his history & one or two of the last Bibbulmun groups Boated that at Cockleshell Gully When Exchange & barter visits were made - they were offered portions of human meat which they refused.

Their tribal areas were extension enough to feed the groups occupying them. The Maia group ranged from the minilya river to the Wooramee river, & eastward about 140 miles, north & south they had a more extensive area, This' group did not circumcise. Maia means 'voice', 'speech', etc. The Irrawajjari or Eera wajjerri (eera; yeera-teeth) starts E & W. from Jarrung & reins to Milgin Station. It went north & south from Mt Augustus to near Mt Magriet. This group circumcised & subincised. Knocked a tooth out yeere - murdari & tooth extraction & its attendant rites were called by this name.

Wattardi was a sort of generic name for all these uncircumcised groups - along the Gascoyne & towards Cockleshell Gully.

The Baiong group doesn't circumcise. They were found about 100 miles east of Carnarvon.

The Talainji group mardathoona & other of these groups were in communication with each other at certain periods of the year at big gatherings where the usual Ceremonies of barter exchange etc. & Promiscuous ceiluconer took place - no native who has been present at those Ceremonies could remember one that had not ended in Cannibalism. Each group was unlawful' in itself especially in seasons of prolonged drought when the larger game went into the Bibbulmun or other fertile area during those drought years.

The Ingarda group was a little offshoot of the Maia group & had some interesting differences in their dialects. The mardathoona were South of Wandajie & bordered the Talainji Ten miles from the coast the Talainji Baiong & Maia mee; also a little group called that jardee mixed with Maia.

They ask strangers, "Are you a Burrung?" and if so they are brothers.

This sentence is not understandable, and it is supposed to have reference to "brotherhood" amongst the natives.

None. They reckon by moons. They can tell when five moons are up. Willara is moon.

Cooreeja = one, mungalla, three, cootharra = two.Years by cold & hot seasons, days by suns & sleeper months by moons.

Tree Climbing

In climbing the trees they make a notch with their dowak and put their great toe into the notch. The tree may be too large for them to clasp, but the strength lies in their toe.

This method is used in trees with bark. In those trees without bark, the kodja is used to make the holes, and only the great toe is inserted.

Totems

Walarrie, a totem. One may have a kangaroo, etc. Some of the natives believe they have sprung from the animals and the birds, etc. Every native man, woman or child has a walarrie, but the walarrie of the father is not that of the family.

Love making

Cornally says they court with their eyes, or throwing bits of pebble, stick, etc.

The Mya tribe ranges from the Minylya River to the Wooramel, east-ward about 140 miles and about 400 miles north and south.

These tribes don't circumcise. The Irrawajeri starts East and west from Charung (Jeranoo) and runs to Milgin. It runs north and south from Mt. Augustus to Mt. Magnet. This tribe circumcise, subincise, knocking a tooth out (yirramurdari). Circumcision = migern Wardrdee is a common name for the uncircumcised natives along the Gascoyne coast country, as far as Cockle Shell Gully, about 150 m. N of Perth, about 15 m. south of Geraldton the Greenough R. empties into the sea. At Cockleshell Cornally thinks the division comes in.

Ingarda are Mya people but so far south that they speak a somewhat different dialect - half Mya and half champion Bay, a sort of intermediate tribe.

The Agardee tribes are circumcised.

Watardee or opee = uncircumcised. The name 'opea' means 'skin' & in adopting this name the wattardee take pride in their "uncircumcision"

Boolga is a piece of tobacco first put on a coal, then broken up, then mixed with wood - ashes, then a piece of tarry rope or other similar stuff is unwound and made fibrous and mixed with the tobacco and ashes. A piece of string is tied round it to keep it in a lump and passed round. This is not to be seen amongst the natives below the Minilya River.

Ngambo - pipe, or short thick piece of wood.

Dabbala, a stick, long and thin.

The place called Dunggarree (or Dongara) on the coast was so called by the natives, and there is another place called Dunggarree between Bush's and Ryan's.

Wooderaddin is on the Gascoyne and there is another place of the same name in the Geraldton district, near "Davis's, 20 m. east of Geraldton. The natives there are called Agardie a circumcised group.